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Carburizing

Carburizing is one of the most widely used methods, of case hardening. The purpose of case hardening is to increase the surface hardness of steel. In this process, the steel is introduced to a carbon-rich environment and elevated to a temperature range of 850 to 950 oC for a certain amount of time. Due to this Carbon starts diffused into the surface layer of the material. The rate of diffusion depends upon the time and temperature zone at which the material is maintained.

After carburizing material is quenched so that the carbon is locked in the structure. The hardness is moderately increased, but it can be hardened again through flame or induction hardening. It’s possible to carburize only a particular portion of the component (ie., gear tooth). The hardness achieved by Carburizing is 55 to 68 HRC and the carbon content in the surface layer is increased to 0.75 to 1.2%. The surface not to be carburised should be copper plated or covered with asbestos power mixed in fireclay cement.

This process contains gases capable of forming atomic carbon at high temperature over parts made of mild steel. The gas wildly used for this process is carbon monoxide. The components to be Carburizing are placed in a furnace and heated to a temperature range of 850 to 950 ° C. Then the Carburizing gas is passed through the chamber for a period of 5 to 10 hours. Due to this high temperature, the carbon in the gas is diffused into the surface of the component and it is case hardened.



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